HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface)

HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is a digital interface that carries both video and audio over one cable. It is the standard connection for TVs, projectors, consoles and set-top boxes.

Why it matters

HDMI versions determine the resolution and refresh rate you can use. HDMI 1.4 handles 4K at 30 Hz, HDMI 2.0 supports 4K at 60 Hz, and HDMI 2.1 supports higher modes such as 4K at 120 Hz or 8K at 60 Hz with compatible cables.

Features like ARC and eARC return audio from a TV to a soundbar.

Example

Setup: console -> HDMI 2.0 cable -> TV that has an HDMI 2.1 port
Result: 4K at 60 Hz maximum

To get 4K at 120 Hz, the console, cable and TV port must all support HDMI 2.1.

Common mistakes

Plugging a 4K 120 Hz source into an HDMI 2.0 port and wondering why it caps at 60 Hz.
Using an old cable that cannot carry the needed bandwidth.
Forgetting to enable the enhanced HDMI mode in TV settings.

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